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About Latvia

About Latvia
About country
The country real estate of Latvia
«Lange and Co» LLC
Elizabetes 2(WTC), Riga, Latvia
Phone: (+371) 29541486, faks: (+371) 7320730
E-mail: roman@lange1991.lv

 
Latvia
Latvia is a member state of the European Union. It is situated on the coast of the Baltic Sea. From the south it has borders with Lithuania (border length 453 km) and Belarus (141km), from the East – with Russia (217km), from the North – with Estonia (267 km). Population of Latvia consists of 2 main ethnic groups – Latvians (52% of population) and Russians (34%), other groups are Belarusians, Ukrainians, and Poles. An official language is Latvian, however Russian language is also widely used.
Total area of the country is 63 700 square kilometers.

Moraine lowland plains occupy main part of the territory. Elevated plains are located in the Eastern and Western parts of the country. One of the biggest rivers is Daugava (Western Dvina), there are many other smaller rivers and lakes. Natural resources are scarce: peat, timber, dolomite, and limestone. Around 27% of territory is used in agriculture (arable land), woods and bushes occupy 39% of the land.

Official name of the state is the Republic of Latvia. Historically, country is divided into 4 main regions: Kurzeme, Zemgale, Vidzeme, and Latgale. Riga is the capital of Latvia. Latvia was initially proclaimed as independent state at November 18th, 1918 (November, 18th is the date of the national celebration). Between 1944 and 1991 Latvia was a part of the Soviet Union, and was repeatedly proclaimed independent on August 21st, 1991.
Latvia is democratic parliamentary republic. Prime minister is the head of the state; usually this is a leader of a political party, which won the parliamentary elections. The President of Latvia is elected by the parliament for 4 years. The President has mainly representative functions, however he or she can block implementation of certain parliament decisions.
 
Latvia can be considered as emerging country, undergoing gradual transition from planned to market economy. Besides economical transformation, making maximal use of existing scarce natural resources and workforce, the government of Latvia takes active measures to invite foreign capital.
The most developed industries are machine-building, production of chemicals, fishery, pharmaceuticals, light industries, production of pulp. Agriculture plays important role in the economy (21.5% of GDP). Domestic currency is Latvian Lats (equals 100 santims).
Main trading partners are Russia, Germany, Sweden, and Belarus. Total length of railways is 2 400 km, roads – 59 500 km (33 000 km of which are tarmac roads), internal waterways are 300 km long. Main seaports are Riga, Liepaja, Ventspils.
 
Latvia is famous for its popular Baltic Sea resort – Jurmala, its rivers and lakes, and also is known for historical, national and cultural highlights. Tourist service is well developed.
Main sights in Riga are Dome cathedral (13th century), St. Jacob church (13 century), St. Peter’s church (13th – 15th century), former palace of Livonian Order, as well as several theaters, including Latvian National Opera.
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